Smart Technologies Research Articles

Consumer electronics based smart technologies for enhanced terahertz healthcare having an integration of split learning with medical imaging

The proposed work contains three major contribution, such as smart data collection, optimized training algorithm and integrating Bayesian approach with split learning to make privacy of the patent data. By integrating consumer electronics device such as wearable devices, and the Internet of Things (IoT) taking THz image, perform EM algorithm as training, used newly proposed slit learning method the technology promises enhanced imaging depth and improved tissue contrast, thereby enabling early and accurate disease detection the breast cancer disease. In our hybrid algorithm, the breast cancer model achieves an accuracy of 97.5 percent over 100 epochs, surpassing the less accurate old models which required a higher number of epochs, such as 165.

Climate change shocks and crop production: The foodgrain bowl of India as an example

Global warming is causing climate change (CC) characterized by increased frequency of heatwaves, droughts, erratic rains, hailstorms, cloudbursts, floods, landslides etc. The CC has already adversely affected ecosystems. In spite of efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which lead to warming, the global temperature during 2011–20 was 1.1°C above that during pre-industrial era. The projections are that warming will continue to increase and adverse effects will intensify particularly in developing countries like India. In India a number of studies have recorded wide spatial variability in rainfall, though, many reported a general overall negative trend since mid-20th century. Further, varying pattern of rainfall has been recorded in three agroclimatic regions of Punjab state, the granary of India. Unseasonal rains followed by spiked temperature during winter (rabi) season of 2021–22 reduced wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield in Punjab by 651 kg/ha and by 301 kg/ha in Haryana compared to 2020–21. Further, the grain was of lower quality. During rainy (kharif) season of 2022, Southern Rice Black-streaked Dwarf Virus (SRBSDV), appeared for the first time in Punjab and Haryana. Some farmers ploughed the affected fields. Adverse weather during rabi 2022–23 also, reduced the wheat yield (143–150 kg/ha) in these states. At the national level, erratic weather during rabi 2021–22 and kharif 2022 caused losses of about 3 mt of grain of each of wheat and rice (Oryza sativa L.). The projected increased adverse effects due to intensified CC include food insecurity. Thus, there is an emergent need to accelerate implementation of adaptation and mitigation strategies in agriculture. The adaptation options include cultivar improvement, conservation agriculture altering growing seasons, crop diversification and sustainable soil, and water resource management. In the process of adaptive management of crop production, adjusting sowing dates and breeding cultivars having varying duration in consonance with CC has been one of the central aspects. Shifting sowing dates to find appropriate crop cultivation season is a low-cost measure. However, cultivar development is time and resource consuming. Novel biotechnological tools enable fast cultivar development with precision, and facilitate mobilization of genes from wild-weedy relatives, which are rich in genes conferring resistance/tolerance to biotic and biotic stresses, required to combat CC challenge. In view of CC stress on water resources, improving water-use efficiency (WUE) has gained importance. Sensor-based micro-irrigation/fertigation has great potential to enhance water and fertilizer-use efficiency. Similarly, the application of other smart technologies like nanotechnology, sensor-based pesticide application, bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides, need to be mobilised. In view of agro-ecological diversity in India, right-sized regionspecific technology packages have to be developed implying that crop research will expand exponentially. This needs strengthening of human resources and institutional infrastructure, expanding and linking basic and applied researches, and fortifying inter-disciplinary/inter-institutional collaborations to develop and diffuse technology innovations. Enabling factors include enhanced funding and international cooperation. All-out efforts are needed to have more climate-resilient agriculture.

Valuation of Internet of Energy (IoE) Platforms in Smart Cities: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision Making Approach

A smart city is a place where people live using computing, sensing, and networking technology in a variety of ways, including smart buildings, smart homes, smart transportation, smart workplaces, smart offices, smart industries, and smart agriculture. These smart technologies need to connect so; we need to use the Internet of Things (IoT) that has applications in many areas of our smart lives. IoT has been used due to the growing usage of renewable energy sources and the challenges of network management. Internet of Energy (IoE) integrates the IoT and smart grid capabilities. The basic role of smart grids or IoE is an essential element in creating smart cities. In this work, we present some IoE platforms that represent the alternatives and their criteria. The proposed study treats the uncertainty of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) modified by single value triangular neutrosophic number (SVTrN) by choosing the optimal IoE platform based on the criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation (CRITIC) method and multi-attributive ideal-real comparative analysis (MAIRCA). The proposed model proved its effectiveness by applying it to an experimental case. The results show that the DCC (A3) platform is the best one.

The Role of Digital Management and Smart Technologies for Sports Education in a Dynamic Environment: Employment, Green Growth, and Tourism

ABSTRACT Digitalization management, sports education, tourism and smart urban technologies are crucial for urban energy systems and environmental sustainability. Environmental sustainability is a critical global challenge, and countries emphasize combating the rising environmental issues. Undoubtedly, the globe has proposed several initiatives to address rising ecological matters, but the problem remains intact. This study shows a new pattern, including problems and vital solutions with fresh insights. Despite countries launching initiatives to combat environmental degradation (ED), ecological concerns continue to persist. Empirical research has considered income, urbanization, digitization, sports employment, tourism, and green energy as core sustainability determinants in selected European economies (2010–2021). Applying a series of estimators, we determined that income, urbanization, sports, and tourism are the leading causes of ED, while digitization and green energy contribute significantly to sustainable development. Additionally, digitization plays a significant mediating role in sustaining urban energy systems. The study offers helpful implications for achieving desired sustainability levels.

Biomechanical effects of men’s dress shoes made with bacterial cellulosic composite

PurposeThis study aimed to compare the performance of sustainable shoes made with bacterial cellulosic composite and commercial leather shoes using an experimental research design. The two specific research objectives were: (1) to examine the basic material properties of multi-layered bacterial cellulosic materials (MBC), which include green tea-based cellulosic (GBC) mats, hemp fabrics, and denim fabrics, in comparison with those of two-layered leathers (MCP) consisting of calf-skin and pig-skin – commonly used in shoe manufacturing; and (2) to explore wearers’ performance in the two types of shoes by assessing quantitative kinematic and kinetic parameters of lower body movements.Design/methodology/approachThis study focused on assessing the basic materials testing and performance of sustainable shoes through a biomechanical approach, in contrast to commercially available leather shoes, through human wear trials. In this study, green tea-based cellulosic (GBC) mats were developed using the optimal combination of ingredients for cellulose growth. Subsequently, the GBC, denim fabric (100% cotton), and 100% hemp fabric were combined to create multi-layered bacterial cellulosic materials (MBC) as an alternative to leather. Additionally, calf-skin and pig-skin leathers were utilized to produce a commercially available two-layered leather (MCP), commonly employed in shoe manufacturing. 37 of the 42 human subjects who participated in wear testing were collected. A paired t-test was conducted to determine whether significant mean differences existed between the two shoe types, a paired t-test was conducted.FindingsTo develop a biodegradable and compostable material that could be used as a leather alternative for the footwear industry, we proposed MBC and examined its properties compared with those of MCP, a product often used when making shoes. These findings confirmed the similar properties of MBC and MCP from the material testing and the possibility of using a men’s sustainable shoe prototype as a leather alternative, in terms of kinematics and kinetics.Practical implicationsThe new multi-layered bacterial cellulosic materials (MBC) could be an alternative to commercial leathers such as innovative sustainable material construction, advanced design, and advanced techniques to optimize the overall performance of sustainable footwear.Originality/valueInvestigating the integration of smart textile technologies, ergonomic design principles, and personalized customization will contribute to developing MBC and making sustainable shoes using MBC compared with commercial leather shoes. This study provides valuable insights into further refinement and innovation in the sustainable footwear industry.

Optimization of Wheelchair Control via Multi-Modal Integration: Combining Webcam and EEG

Even though Electric Powered Wheelchairs (EPWs) are a useful tool for meeting the needs of people with disabilities, some disabled people find it difficult to use regular EPWs that are joystick-controlled. Smart wheelchairs that use Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) technology present an efficient solution to this problem. This article presents a cutting-edge intelligent control wheelchair that is intended to improve user involvement and security. The suggested method combines facial expression analysis via a camera with EEG signal processing using the EMOTIV Insight EEG dataset. The system generates control commands by identifying specific EEG patterns linked to facial expressions such as eye blinking, winking left and right, and smiling. Simultaneously, the system uses computer vision algorithms and inertial measurements to analyze gaze direction in order to establish the user’s intended steering. The outcomes of the experiments prove that the proposed system is reliable and efficient in meeting the various requirements of people, presenting a positive development in the field of smart wheelchair technology.

Exploring Meta-Learning: Unveiling Progress and Obstacles - A Comprehensive Examination

Educational international organizations have forecasted a radical transformation in how students learn, the content they learn, and the requisite skills in the near future. The advent of smart technologies is poised to revolutionize learning conditions, ushering in opportunities for transformative learning experiences and fostering more conscious, self-directed, and self-motivated learning endeavors. Meta-learning encompasses a suite of cognitive meta-processes through which learners consciously construct and manage personal learning models. It involves a progression of meta-skills that evolve hierarchically, facilitating the attainment of advanced levels of comprehension termed meta-comprehension. This article delves into the concept of meta-learning and delineates the meta-levels of learning through the lens of metacognition. Additionally, it explores the potential of smart technologies to serve as fertile ground for implementing meta-learning training strategies. The findings of this study contribute to a novel theoretical framework for meta-learning, bolstered by smart devices capable of supporting future meta-learners, or more aptly, meta-thinkers, in transcending conventional realms of knowledge and ascending to higher meta-levels of human intelligence.

Smart Electronic Noticing System Through Voice Alert and Text Message

Abstract: In the era of smart technologies, this project introduces an approach to streamline and enhance the process of electronic noticing by incorporating the voice commands and text messaging capabilities. The Smart Electronic Noticing System via voice and text message features reduces the reliance on traditional noticing system. This system is developed to offer an effective and user-friendly platform for managing announcements in various places such as shopping malls, traffic signals, hospitals, railway stations, bus stations, offices, and other public spaces. The system uses advanced voice recognition technology through android application to allow user to interact with the noticing system through spoken commands. Additionally, users can conveniently send notices via text messages with the help of telegram bot, further expanding the system's versatility. By the combination of voice command and text message features, the Smart Electronic Noticing System aims to redefine the way of user interact with and manage notices. Apart from the voice and text message capabilities, the system also has a capability to display the current atmospheric temperature with some pre- defined delay. This project aligns with the growing demand for accessible, and efficient smart solutions in today's technologically advanced world.

A system dynamics approach for the development of a Regional Innovation System

Regions play an important role in the global economy by driving research and innovation policies through a major tool, the Regional Innovation System (RIS). The RIS is a social system that encompasses the systematic interaction of the various organizations that comprise it, to improve local knowledge and innovation. It consists of interconnections of various public and private sector institutions, whose activities and interactions create, introduce and diffuse innovations. This paper outlines the methodology employed in developing and validating a mathematical model of Regional Innovation Systems, utilizing the system dynamics approach. To provide a demonstration of the aforementioned concept, the proposed model will then be implemented in the RIS of two specific regions in Greece, namely Western and Central Macedonia. Within this context, various policies will be formulated to modify the indicators of Smart Technology, with the objective of assessing their influence on the overall regional development of the aforementioned regions. The model focuses on the functional structure of the RIS, separating it in six diverse, interacting subsystems consisting of different components, captured by a total of 38 different factors which can be quantitatively assessed.

Data mining algorithm in the identification of accounting fraud by smart city information technology

The identification of accounting fraud is an important measure to safeguard the interests of stakeholders and ensure the long-term development of the company. The current traditional methods for identifying accounting fraud rely on manual review and judgment, lacking objectivity and accuracy. In order to improve the accuracy of accounting fraud identification, improve identification efficiency and objectivity, this article combines smart city information technology to conduct in-depth research on data mining algorithms for accounting fraud identification. This article first provides a brief overview of smart cities and information technology, then introduces the basic theory of accounting fraud identification, and finally implements accounting fraud identification through k-means clustering mining algorithm. The data is divided into k clusters, and abnormal clusters are identified by checking the characteristics and attributes of each cluster. Compared with traditional rule-based and pattern based methods, this approach can more flexibly adapt to different types and forms of fraud, and can discover unknown patterns of fraud. In the experiment, this article used electronic data collection, analysis, and retrieval systems on the websites of the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange to collect 641 annual reports and financial characteristics from 62 listed companies that engaged in financial statement fraud and 84 companies that were not reported to have financial statement fraud from 2012 to 2021 as test samples. The results were tested and analyzed from several aspects, including the number of misjudgments, misjudgment rate, and ROC curve. The final test results show that compared to traditional accounting fraud identification methods, the comprehensive misjudgment rate of data mining algorithms based on smart cities has decreased by 3 %. The conclusion indicates that data mining algorithms used in smart city information technology to identify accounting fraud can help improve the accuracy of accounting fraud, improve audit objectivity and effectiveness.

The Evolution of Commercial Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Systems over the Past Three Decades.

Since the introduction of the first commercial negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) system nearly three decades ago, several key technological innovations have led to wide adoption of the therapy. This is a review of the history and innovation of commercial NPWT systems for adjunctive management of open wounds. Technical modifications have broadened NPWT options to include innovative dressing interfaces, tubing configurations, power sources, capability of topical wound solution instillation or irrigation, canister versus canister-free configurations, smart technology, and disposable versus larger reusable therapy units. While these options complicate product selection, they have greatly expanded the potential to manage a wide variety of wounds in patients who previously may not have been candidates for NPWT. Basic yet mandatory requirements of NPWT include delivering an accurate level of negative pressure to the wound bed, maintaining a seal, removing wound surface exudate through the dressing interface, and patient adherence to prescribed therapy. Meeting these requirements is challenging in the face of variable wound types, wound locations, exudate levels and exudate viscosity. While there are a growing number of marketed NPWT systems, each may have different characteristics and performance. Evaluating the functionality of each system and relevant accessories is complicated, especially as additional manufacturers enter the market. Understanding key innovations and specific challenges they are intended to solve may aid healthcare providers in selecting appropriate NPWT technologies for patients. Evolving technology including artificial intelligence will likely play a major role in re-defining NPWT safety, simplicity, and reliability.

Interactive AI Chatbot for Mental Illness

In today's increasingly technological world, mental health awareness is paramount, with the intersection of technology and wellness offering innovative solutions to alleviation of depression symptoms, attrition, and loss of follow-up in mental health treatment. To start a good life healthcare is more important. Mental health problems becoming more common, there's a need for easy-to-access support. Our chatbot uses smart technology to understand what users are feeling, offer kind responses. It's built using advanced computer learning to get better at recognizing and dealing with different mental health concerns. In this application implement natural language processing (NLP) and speech recognition. The application includes a robust authentication system for user security, featuring traditional methods like username/password verification, alongside a graphical password authentication system. Users can select a random image during registration, which is then split into shares for secure storage. The chatbot analyzes user queries to recommend tailored stress-relief strategies, including mindfulness exercises, relaxation techniques, and personalized yoga poses displayed with accompanying images and instructions. The backend manages user data, recommendation algorithms, and integration with external services, while the frontend offers intuitive interfaces for seamless user interaction. Thorough testing ensures functionality, usability, and security before deployment, with continuous improvement based on user feedback and technological advancements driving the project evolution.

Consumer responses toward smart technology: A systematic review, synthesis, and future research agenda

AbstractThis article is a comprehensive review of the literature on smart technology in consumer studies from 1996 to 2023. While the paper provides information about the development of the field by identifying important publications and authors, it employs topic modeling to pinpoint key topics in papers published in marketing and business journals. These topics are then grouped into three research streams and evaluated concerning theoretical, contextual, and methodological perspectives. While doing so, specific gaps were identified. By revealing gaps in the literature, the study suggests promising avenues for further research. Finally, this article advances our comprehension of the smart technology literature in marketing and business journals and informs future inquiry in this rapidly evolving domain.

The interrelationship between Lean 4.0 and value co-creation: an empirical study in the dairy sector

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of Lean 4.0 practices on value co-creation in the dairy ecosystem. Design/methodology/approach Data collection were carried out through a questionary application with 126 professionals linked to the dairy ecosystem, including milk producers, milk cooperatives and milk transporters. The data were analyzed using Cluster Analysis, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-Square test. Findings A strong relation was found between the use of Lean 4.0 tools and the increase in operational performance, in addition to milk quality. Moreover, it can be noted that the use of digital technologies from Industry 4.0 has a strong relation with dairy production optimization, in other words, it is possible to be more efficient in the dairy process via Lean 4.0 adoption. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to analyzing the Brazilian dairy ecosystem. The results presented may not reflect the characteristics of the other countries. Practical implications Once the potential empirical impacts of the relation between Lean 4.0 and value co-creation are elucidated, it is possible to direct strategies for decision-making and guide efforts by researchers and professionals to deal with the waste mitigation present in the dairy sector. Social implications Lean 4.0 proves to be a potential solution to improve the operational performance of the dairy production system. Lean 4.0, linked to value co-creation, allows the integration of the production sector with consumers, through smart technologies, so new services and experiences can be provided to the consumer market. Additionally, the consumer experience can be stimulated based on Lean 4.0, once the quality specification is highlighted based on data science and smart management control. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that analyzes the interrelationship between the Lean 4.0 philosophy and the value co-creation in the dairy ecosystem. In this sense, the study reveals the main contributions of this interrelation to the dairy sector via value co-creation, which demonstrates a new perspective on the complementarity of resources, elimination of process losses and new experiences for the user through digital technologies integrated with the Lean Thinking approach.

Promoting Hospitals’ Reputation through Smart Branding Initiatives. A Quantitative Analysis of the Best Hospitals in the United States

Hospitals use different technological tools to implement corporate communication initiatives and, in this way, improve their relationships with stakeholders (employees, patients, media companies) and build a reputed brand. However, they face different barriers: limited budgets for corporate communication, strict legal frameworks, and stakeholders’ new needs regarding information and emotional support. This paper aims to analyze how the 100 best hospitals in the United States manage smart technologies to promote their brand. To do that, we conducted a literature review about smart hospitals, branding, and corporate communication; and then we defined 34 quantitative indicators to evaluate how the hospitals previously mentioned managed their websites, online newsrooms, about us sections, and artificial intelligence department web sites for reputation purposes. Our results proved that most hospitals respected indicators related to the homepage (8.67/11) but not those referring to online newsrooms (4.44/11) or about us sections (2.66/6). Besides, only 23 hospitals had implemented a department specialized in artificial intelligence that collaborated with external organizations. We concluded that most American hospitals focused their reputation efforts on patients rather than other targets (media companies, employees, suppliers, shareholders); and that these organizations did not integrate enough artificial intelligence projects into their smart branding initiatives.

Thermal Management System for Stable EV Battery Operation with Composite Phase Change Materials

Abstract Li-ion battery has been one of the cornerstone of the mobile era especially given the burst sales of Electrical vehicles (EV) which have eclipsed that of internal combustion engine vehicles over last decade. While extensive advances in smart production and technologies make it booming to the development of EV, there have been frequently reported fatal fire incidents originated from excessive thermal hazards of Li-ion batteries. In this paper, we developed a new Li-ion battery thermal management system, by making use of porous Aluminum structure as skeleton and Phase Change Materials (PCMs) as filler, to maintain its optimal operating temperature below 35 oC within a small tolerance range of ± 1oC fluctuation by continuous heat absorption and heat release during the phase changes of the PCM. The thermal stress and energy consumption in the internal battery pack caused by temperature fluctuations can thus be reduced, ultimately sustaining the overall functional life span of the battery. We envision that our work will advance the operation of EV battery and incubate a versatile framework ranging from thermal management to battery assembly.

Automation in gastronomy: use of smart cooking systems in industrial kitchens

PurposeThe hospitality industry is on the cusp of a culinary revolution, propelled by the integration of smart cooking technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). This article delves into how these innovations are transforming hotel and restaurant kitchens, emphasizing food quality, operational efficiency and sustainability. Through AI, the culinary domain promises not just refined dining experiences but also a fundamental reshaping of kitchen operations.Design/methodology/approachThe study includes a document review prepared by examining the academic literature regarding the chosen concepts in a wide range of contexts.FindingsSmart cooking provides much convenience in working life with the help of technology, and this technology will be given more space in the future.Originality/valueThis article presents a review of the relevant literature on smart cooking systems, one of the developing digital gastronomy tools.

Research on risk identification of manufacturing enterprises' Internet strategic transformation.

The Communist Party of China's 19th National Congress underlined the necessity of speeding the development of a manufacturing powerhouse and advanced manufacturing sector by supporting the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, and the real economy. This study employed principal component analysis to extract the prominent risk factors from questionnaire data in order to manage the risks connected with the Internet strategic transformation of manufacturing firms. To confirm the major risk factors, a structural equation modeling was created using Amos-24 software. The findings revealed that risk factors of Internet strategic transformation in manufacturing businesses are mostly expressed in equipment flexibility risks, organizational versatility risks, smart technology risks, Internet technology risks, flexible management risks, and financing management risks. The paper offers useful theoretical and practical insights into the risks of China's manufacturing businesses' Internet strategic transformation. The findings can assist manufacturing firms in better identifying and managing these risks, supporting their smooth transition to the Internet economy.

Harmonizing smart technologies with building resilience and sustainable built environment systems

Given the escalating concerns posed by climate change-related disasters, there is an urgent need for a more sustainable and resilient built environment. The developing digital revolution in recent years has the potential to harness its superior features to achieve sustainable and resilient building sector goals. This paper aims to present a futuristic perspective on the three basic pillars of a more sustainable and resilient built environment. These pillars comprise sustainability, resilience, and the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for monitoring and managing structural health and performance. This is evident in the context of smart buildings and their ability to enhance energy consumption efficiency, improve quality of life, and strengthen structural health monitoring in terms of reducing damage and facilitating timely maintenance operations. Through comparing the components of the virtual city designed from two types of alkali-activated binder concrete (AABC) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete, all components of the city designed from AABC showed a reduction in the amount of emitted CO2. The highest decrease was observed in the schools designed from AABC, where the reduction was about 25 %, while the lowest decrease was for the villas and infrastructure; about 11 % and 10 % respectively, compared to those designed from OPC concrete. The results also indicated that the utilization of sustainable concrete instead of traditional varieties has the potential to decrease CO2 emissions by up to 25 %. The importance of this work resides in establishing a basis for forthcoming research that combines intelligent, environmentally friendly, and resilient building practices.

Emerging Technologies for Automation in Environmental Sensing: Review

This article explores the impact of automation on environmental sensing, focusing on advanced technologies that revolutionize data collection analysis and monitoring. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defines automation as integrating hardware and software components into modern analytical systems. Advancements in electronics, computer science, and robotics drive the evolution of automated sensing systems, overcoming traditional limitations in manual data collection. Environmental sensor networks (ESNs) address challenges in weather constraints and cost considerations, providing high-quality time-series data, although issues in interoperability, calibration, communication, and longevity persist. Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs), particularly unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), play an important role in environmental monitoring due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. Despite challenges in regulatory compliance and technical limitations, UAVs offer detailed spatial and temporal information. Pollution monitoring faces challenges related to high costs and maintenance requirements, prompting the exploration of cost-efficient alternatives. Smart agriculture encounters hurdle in data integration, interoperability, device durability in adverse weather conditions, and cybersecurity threats, necessitating privacy-preserving techniques and federated learning approaches. Financial barriers, including hardware costs and ongoing maintenance, impede the widespread adoption of smart technology in agriculture. Integrating robotics, notably underwater vehicles, proves indispensable in various environmental monitoring applications, providing accurate data in challenging conditions. This review details the significant role of transfer learning and edge computing, which are integral components of robotics and wireless monitoring frameworks. These advancements aid in overcoming challenges in environmental sensing, underscoring the ongoing necessity for research and innovation to enhance monitoring solutions. Some state-of-the-art frameworks and datasets are analyzed to provide a comprehensive review on the basic steps involved in the automation of environmental sensing applications.